All Else Being Equal Be Empowered

Single-Locus Recessive Inheritance of Asexual Reproduction in a Parasitoid Wasp

The evolutionary maintenance of sex is one of the big unresolved puzzles in biology. All else being equal, all-female asexual populations should enjoy a two-fold reproductive advantage over sexual relatives consisting of male and female individuals. However, the "all else being equal" assumption rarely holds in real organisms because asexuality tends to be confounded with altered genomic consti...

All Else Equal in Theory and Data ( Big or Small ) ∗

The forms of explanation that dominate political science research in the formal theory and causal inference traditions are closely connected. Specifically, each makes essential use of different, but related, kinds of all-else-equal claims. The emergence of “big data” has already begun to alter the landscape of empirical social science by making new sources of information (and, thus, new phenome...

All else being equal, men and women are still not the same: using risk models to understand gender disparities in care.

Does What We Want Influence What We See?

I aim to show that the content of our perceptual states depends counterfactually on the action we want to perform. Most philosophical and psychological theories of perception claim or at least assume the opposite: they conceive of perception as allpurpose: what we want to do does not influence what we see. I will argue that the content of one's perceptual state does vary as the action one is in...

Synopsis of Medical Statistics

The sample size of a statistical sample is the number of observations that constitute it. It is typically denoted n, a positive integer (natural number). Typically, all else being equal, a larger sample size leads to increased precision in estimates of various properties of the population. This can be seen in such statistical rules as the law of large numbers and the central limit theorem. Repe...